[Download] "Changing the Face of Summer Programs (Report)" by Childhood Education # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Changing the Face of Summer Programs (Report)
- Author : Childhood Education
- Release Date : January 22, 2008
- Genre: Education,Books,Professional & Technical,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 187 KB
Description
For many years, school systems have provided remedial opportunities during the summer in an attempt to close the achievement gap between their low-performing students and those students reading age-appropriate text. Many of these remedial summer programs utilize the same instructional programs previously used during the school year with the hope that students just need more time on the same tasks to make needed improvements. Research-based evidence indicates that elementary summer school programs can positively affect low-income students' academic achievement. Cooper, Nye, Chariton, Lindsay, and Greathouse (1996) conducted a meta-analysis of 41 studies and found that students completing summer school programs can be expected to score between one-seventh and one-quarter of a standard deviation higher than control groups. Also, summer school attendance benefits low-income students, especially if the program is designed to meet their special needs. An additional advantage of summer school for these students is the protection it can provide against the "summer slide," one of the terms used to indicate the loss of academic skills and knowledge that students experience over the summer months (Heyns, 1987). Some researchers have posited that nearly 80% of the achievement differences between high-income and low-income students is a result of this summer slide (Hayes & Grether, 1983). The research shows that while students from high-income and low-income homes make similar gains during the school year, a gap develops during the summer, when low-income children have unequal access to literacy events and resources (Allington, 2006). Increases in vocabulary development show similar results, with a widening gap also occurring during the summer.